Sumerian civilization

Topic

Sumer is the earliest known civilization, located in the historical region of southern Mesopotamia (modern-day Iraq) during the Chalcolithic and early Bronze Ages. Emerging between the fifth and fourth millennia BC, it is widely considered one of the cradles of civilization alongside ancient Egypt and the Indus Valley. The Sumerians are credited with major historical innovations, including the creation of the cuneiform writing system, advanced agriculture, and the development of early city-states.