Roman–Persian wars

Topic

The Roman–Persian wars were a series of military conflicts fought between the Greco-Roman world and successive Iranian empires, beginning with the Roman Republic and the Parthian Empire in 54 BC and ending with the Byzantine and Sasanian empires in 628 AD. Although characterized by intense direct military engagements, the prolonged conflict also heavily involved various vassal kingdoms and allied nomadic tribes acting as buffer states and proxies. The centuries of warfare ultimately exhausted both empires, leaving them highly vulnerable to the rapid conquests of the early Muslim expansion.